The former player: 'I wanted to carry on my rugby career'
Warning: This piece includes descriptions of racially offensive language and conduct
Ex-England centre Luther Burrell says that speaking out to reveal racial discrimination in rugby union brought his career to an premature end.
In a June 2022, Burrell described racism as being "widespread" in the game, showing Whatsapp messages and recalling training ground "comments" he had been exposed to while representing Newcastle.
At that time 34 and without a team, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been three appearances with guest team the Barbarians.
"I've have definitely had to end my career because of what went on," he told reporters.
"I really wanted to continue competing, of course I did. I pursued that, and it collapsed when news emerged that there were inquiries going on.
"That was difficult - I had to just accept the fate and understand that this whole process is a lot more important than me."
A sports organization investigation in 2023 found Burrell's allegations were accurate "likely correct", but stated it could not gather enough evidence to definitively say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's international games in 2014-15, but was controversially excluded for their team for the 2015 tournament
Burrell told media he also encountered prejudice within the England team environment, during a international career that saw him win 15 caps after his debut in 2014.
"I have had several distressing experiences within England camp," he stated.
"Some discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become accepted in team environments, in Burrell's view.
"This is something that has been disguised as banter and that's been the issue that I've myself suffered and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"Over a extended period you just begin to think that it's the standard and that is fine and that it's not malicious, but that's incorrect."
Burrell says he was finally spurred to speak out after a fellow player at Newcastle called him as a "enslaved person" and instructed him to put sunscreen on his wrists and ankles "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's revelations had led to "a deeper look at the culture within the elite game and to the introduction of an strategy for the professional game."
"We has given considerable attention on diversity and diversity in rugby union and a great deal of work undertaken both before and since Luther Burrell came forward and shared his encounters of racism and classism," it continued.
"We are continuing work with teams and partners in the professional game to work for a culture of inclusivity but acknowledge this requires patience and is an ongoing process."
All Prem and women's rugby club now has in-person training on creating welcoming cultures, with its effectiveness monitored via individual reports and feedback.
All England athletes, including youth squads, are trained in being "active bystanders" to step in and protect others from harmful behaviour.
"You be so pleased of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the documentary about his experiences.
"We know it has had this effect on you and finished your playing days, but in our view, you have achieved so much. We are so proud of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's father Geoff died soon after the production of the documentary, and his sister passed away earlier this year.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in his hometown, continues his work to make the sport more accessible.
His 12 Foundation aims to reach young people in disadvantaged communities and support them thrive both on the field with free sports coaching, mentoring and dietary education.
"My personal intentions are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the game and if others is willing to share their experience then I'll persist to advocate for that cause because I'm not just doing this for myself," he said.
"We have an responsibility to make the sport as excellent as it can be and the more I speak about it hopefully the more confident others will become about discussing their personal stories as well.
"I take the challenge by the opportunity and continue carrying this flag and keep carrying this weight and do what I can to develop opportunities and make the game more attractive and more inclusive.
"There are a lot of disadvantaged children and a lot of poverty and I sincerely think that the sport has the potential to transform their lives, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in November 2022